Accounting News and Notes

Duluth GA CPA Provides Tax Advice for S Corporation Owners &  C Corporations and LLC’s Electing to be Taxed as an S Corporation 

To help keep your payroll fees down I suggest issuing a monthly paycheck, whenever possible, that way you will save payroll processing fees and unnecessary administrative time. 

Also it is prudent that S Corporation owners estimate what they believe their net profit will be for the year so that I might advise them what to tell the payroll service withhold, and so that you can tax plan for accordingly. This will preclude you from the additional responsibility of also having to do quarterly estimated tax payments. 

Christian CPA Offers Free Tax Advice for Business Owners

When was the last time you got any good FREE Business and Tax Management Information you can use 24 Hours a day & 7 Days a week.

http://www.hiscpa.com/business_plans.htm Atlanta CPA Teaches Business Plan Writing
http://www.hiscpa.com/article8.html How to Select a CPA in Metro Atlanta
http://www.hiscpa.com/top-ten.html Top Ten Reasons to Hire a Christian CPA Firm
http://www.hiscpa.com/initial-meeting.html Georgia CPA Gives Free Initial Consultations
http://www.hiscpa.com/business-funding.html Georgia CPA Teaches Business Financing Techniques
http://www.hiscpa.com/alternative-funding.html Gwinnett CPA Helps Discover Alternative Funding Sources
http://www.hiscpa.com/banking-relationships.html Banking Relationships as Taught by Atlanta CPA
http://www.hiscpa.com/mortgages.html Atlanta Home Mortgages: How to Chose the Right One
http://www.hiscpa.com/keeping-books.html Serving Atlanta Bookkeeping Needs for 30 Years
http://www.hiscpa.com/financial-statements.html Atlanta CPA Guides in Financial Statement Preparation
http://www.hiscpa.com/monthend.html Georgia CPA Helps with Month-End Procedures
http://www.hiscpa.com/managing-financials.html Duluth CPA Shows How to Read your Business’s Financials
http://www.hiscpa.com/profit-loss-statements.html Your Atlanta Business and its Profit & Loss
http://www.hiscpa.com/attestation-services.html Atlanta CPA Teaches Nuances in Financial Statements
http://www.hiscpa.com/cash-flow.html Cash Flow Forecasting as Taught by Atlanta CPA
http://www.hiscpa.com/creditworthy.html Knowing the Credit Score of Your Georgia Business
http://www.hiscpa.com/recession-finances.html Georgia CPA Teaches Recession Proofing Your Business   And this is only some of the information available on our web site. You also have at our blog a host of other varied and timely tax and business management issues you can use.   John Dillard, CPA of His CPA, PC (An Atlanta Christian CPA firm) 1940 Woods River Lane, Duluth, GA 30097  Phone 770-814-9304   http://www.hiscpa.com/    http://www.john-dillard.com/   Dare to Attempt Something so Great for the Kingdom of God that it is doomed to failure, lest Christ be in it!   To retain John Dillard CPA (An Atlanta Christian Speaker/Author) for your business group or church congregation, you can contact him today at 770.814.9304  

We advise clients on: IRS representation, Offer in Compromise, Tax Problems, Incorporation in Georgia, Corporate and Personal Income Tax Returns, Part-time CFO, Virtual Controller, Business Planning, Offer in Compromise, Back Taxes, Business Acquisitions/Sales, Forensic Accounting, Business Valuations and Bookkeeping.

Serving Atlanta, Duluth, Gwinnett, Barrow, Bartow, Carroll, Cherokee, Clayton, Coweta,  Douglas, Fayette, Forsyth, Fulton, Gwinnett, Henry, Newton, Paulding, Pickens, Rockdale, Walton, Barrow, Bartow, Carroll, Henry, Newton, Bartow, Walton, Rockdale, Barrow, Spalding, Coweta, Dawson, Douglas, Fayette, Newton, Paulding, Spalding, Walton, Henry, Paulding, Douglas, Coweta, Canton, Covington, Douglasville, Druid Hills, East Point, Forest Park, Griffin, Lithonia, Mableton, McDonough, Milton, Mountain Park, Newnan, Powder Springs, Stockbridge, Union City, Villa Rica, Winder, Woodstock,  Smyrna, Sandy Springs, Marietta, East Point, Gainesville, Snellville, Buckhead, Buford, Peachtree City, Dunwoody, Kennesaw, Decatur, Conyers, Stone Mountain, North Fulton County, DeKalb County, Hall County, Clayton County, Cobb County, Forsyth County, Hart County, Jefferson County, Duluth, Atlanta, Alpharetta, Johns Creek, Lawrenceville, Milton, Norcross, Snellville, Roswell, Buford, Cumming, Grayson, Lake Hartwell, Suwanee, Sugar Hill, Loganville, Lilburn, Dunwoody, Gainesville, Decatur, Atlanta GA, Gwinnett County, North Fulton County, Cherokee County, DeKalb County, Hall County, Clayton County, Cobb County, Forsyth County, Hart County, Jefferson County, Duluth, Atlanta, Alpharetta, Johns Creek, Lawrenceville, Marietta, Milton, Norcross, Snellville, Roswell, Buford, Smyrna, Marietta, Cumming, Grayson, Hartwell, Suwanee, Sugar Hill, Loganville, Lilburn, East Point, Gainesville, Snellville, Buckhead, Buford, Peachtree City, Dunwoody, Kennesaw, Decatur, Conyers, Stone Mountain, Decatur. Sandy Springs, Peachtree City, Douglasville, Newnan, Griffin, Woodstock, Carrollton, Forest Park, Canton, College Park, Cartersville, McDonough, Riverdale, Fayetteville, Covington, Stockbridge, Conyers, Clarkston, Barrow, Bartow, Butts, Carroll, Cherokee, Clayton, Coweta, Dawson, and Douglas.

Atlanta CPA Teaches Incorporating in Georgia 

Incorporating Your Business” Choosing a Business Entity Type

There are many reasons a taxpayer may look to incorporate their business ranging from legitimacy, liability limitation and tax mitigation. Understanding these many nuances is your best first step in ensuring that you chose an entity type is best achieving success given your business model and operations. Entity selection is determinant on many issues ranging from citizenship, number of shareholders, ease of operation, tax obligations and year-end filings and even who your shareholders will be. Though many of these issues will conflict, working with a professional who is well versed in these issues will help you make the best election available for your new Georgia Business.

Choosing an Entity Type
Your initial choice of entity is perhaps the most important tax, financial and legal decision you might ever reach. Being well versed in these areas is essential to a wise and prudent decision.  Visit http://www.hiscpa.com/article2.html

Tax Effects of Entity Choice
Carefully considering the tax effects of your entity choice is essential to getting your business off on the right foot. Being careful to avoid, if at all possible, the double taxation of C Corporations and then selecting the right entity for your business from both a tax and legal perspective is critical. See http://www.hiscpa.com/article6.html

Getting Started
Understanding many of the basics of the start of the incorporation process will do much to ensure that you are well-versed and able to make wise and informed decisions. As these issues will affect your business operations and finances during the lifetime of your business they are essential to getting started well. See http://www.hiscpa.com/incorporating-guide.html

Determining Where to Incorporate
The decision of where to incorporate your business is a critical component of getting your business started. Learn what you need to know to make a well-informed decision.  Visit http://www.hiscpa.com/incorporating-articles.html

New Corporation Forms and Registrations Checklist
Whether you are just incorporating or have been in business for years. This summary will enable you to quickly locate the forms and guidance you need to ensure your business maintains tax compliance. To learn more visit http://www.hiscpa.com/checklist.htm

Incorporating Your Leadership
Knowing who will lead your business, their morals, beliefs and work ethic are essential to success in your new business venture. Determining who should be at the helm and who should follow will do much to avoid needless delays and time lost in aimless decision making. Visit http://www.hiscpa.com/business-leadership.html

Incorporating the Details
Learning the basics of incorporation will do much to ensure that you do not make a costly mistake. Discovering the details of what all is involved in your new Georgia business will much to ensure you avoid costly mistakes and blunders. To learn more visit http://www.hiscpa.com/incorporating-details.html  

At His CPA, PC we strive to be much more than just tax preparers, put our partner to work for you today to see how much enlightened business leadership can mean to your business success.

To learn more about tax entities and the taxation thereof visit http://www.hiscpa.com/article2.html  There you will also discover a wide host of resources for Atlanta Entrepreneurs.

John Dillard is an Christian Speaker/Author and Certified Public Accountant in Duluth, GA. To See how he takes Christ along with him to work visit http://www.hiscpa.com/ and for his latest book Overcoming Life’s 9/11’s: Job’s Journey and a Voice of One: Nehemiah’s Prayer visit http://www.john-dillard.com/ or call John Dillard CPA today at 770.814.9304 (All Rights Reserved) Dare to Attempt Something so Great for the Kingdom of God that it is doomed to failure, lest Christ be in it!  

Atlanta CPA Teaches Your New Georgia Corporation: Don’t Forget the Details 

Though many file their initial Georgia Articles of Incorporation correctly, frequently as Paul Harvey would say “the rest of the story” is overlooked and missed. Being sure that you understand the big picture will help ensure your new business gets off on the right foot and does not fail in maintaining its responsibilities as a Georgia corporation. 

Establishment of Your Corporate Bylaws 

After the Secretary of State has accepted your initial Articles of Incorporation, you will then need to look to document the business purpose of the company. Your Georgia Bylaws will be govern/determine how the official business affairs of the business are conducted. Though these are not required to be filed with anyone, they are an essential part of the incorporation process. 

Legal Publication 

Georgia law has long held that new business owners are required to file in the official county newspaper a public notice of intent to incorporate. Listings of the official newspaper in your county are available on-line on the Georgia Secretary of State’s web-site. 

Paying the Annual Registration Fee 

The Georgia Secretary of State’s office requires that all Georgia corporations file an annual registration and pay an annual fee to keep their corporation legally registered with the state. The report will include the names and addresses of all officers of the company and its registered agent. 

Electing/Naming a Registered Agent 

As a Georgia business owner you will be required to initially elect and to maintain an official registered agent for the business. Typically small business owners elect to nominate either themselves or their attorney as a registered agent. However, in fact law allows, for a registered agent to be any individual or business that resides/does business in Georgia. 

Opening a Corporate Bank Account 

Now that your new Georgia business is incorporated, you will need to open a corporate bank account using the corporate name and Federal ID #. As the corporation did not exist prior to its incorporation date, you will need to set up an new corporate bank account and to supply to the back the new IRS EIN. 

At His CPA, PC we strive to be much more than just tax preparers, put our partner to work for you today to see how much enlightened business leadership can mean to your business success.

To learn more about tax entities and the taxation thereof visit http://www.hiscpa.com/article2.html  There you will also discover a wide host of resources for Atlanta Entrepreneurs.

John Dillard is an Christian Speaker/Author and Certified Public Accountant in Duluth, GA. To See how he takes Christ along with him to work visit http://www.hiscpa.com/ and for his latest book Overcoming Life’s 9/11’s: Job’s Journey and a Voice of One: Nehemiah’s Prayer visit http://www.john-dillard.com/ or call John Dillard CPA today at 770.814.9304 (All Rights Reserved) Dare to Attempt Something so Great for the Kingdom of God that it is doomed to failure, lest Christ be in it!    

We advise clients on: IRS representation, Offer in Compromise, Tax Problems, Incorporation in Georgia, Corporate and Personal Income Tax Returns, Part-time CFO, Virtual Controller, Business Planning, Offer in Compromise, Back Taxes, Bookkeeping.

Serving Atlanta, Duluth, Gwinnett, Barrow, Bartow, Carroll, Cherokee, Clayton, Coweta,  Douglas, Fayette, Forsyth, Fulton, Gwinnett, Henry, Newton, Paulding, Pickens, Rockdale, Walton, Barrow, Bartow, Carroll, Henry, Newton, Bartow, Walton, Rockdale, Barrow, Spalding, Coweta, Dawson, Douglas, Fayette, Newton, Paulding, Spalding, Walton, Henry, Paulding, Douglas, Coweta, Canton, Covington, Douglasville, Druid Hills, East Point, Forest Park, Griffin, Lithonia, Mableton, McDonough, Milton, Mountain Park, Newnan, Powder Springs, Stockbridge, Union City, Villa Rica, Winder, Woodstock,  Smyrna, Sandy Springs, Marietta, East Point, Gainesville, Snellville, Buckhead, Buford, Peachtree City, Dunwoody, Kennesaw, Decatur, Conyers, Stone Mountain, North Fulton County, DeKalb County, Hall County, Clayton County, Cobb County, Forsyth County, Hart County, Jefferson County, Duluth, Atlanta, Alpharetta, Johns Creek, Lawrenceville, Milton, Norcross, Snellville, Roswell, Buford, Cumming, Grayson, Lake Hartwell, Suwanee, Sugar Hill, Loganville, Lilburn, Dunwoody, Gainesville, Decatur, Atlanta GA, Gwinnett County, North Fulton County, Cherokee County, DeKalb County, Hall County, Clayton County, Cobb County, Forsyth County, Hart County, Jefferson County, Duluth, Atlanta, Alpharetta, Johns Creek, Lawrenceville, Marietta, Milton, Norcross, Snellville, Roswell, Buford, Smyrna, Marietta, Cumming, Grayson, Hartwell, Suwanee, Sugar Hill, Loganville, Lilburn, East Point, Gainesville, Snellville, Buckhead, Buford, Peachtree City, Dunwoody, Kennesaw, Decatur, Conyers, Stone Mountain, Decatur. Sandy Springs, Peachtree City, Douglasville, Newnan, Griffin, Woodstock, Carrollton, Forest Park, Canton, College Park, Cartersville, McDonough, Riverdale, Fayetteville, Covington, Stockbridge, Conyers, Clarkston, Barrow, Bartow, Butts, Carroll, Cherokee, Clayton, Coweta, Dawson, and Douglas.

Gwinnett CPA Teaches Incorporating Your New Georgia Business: Determining Who Will Lead Your Company Business 

Leadership 101: Knowing who is in charge and how they are lead are essential to the running of a country, a war, a battle, a family, a church and your business. Failing to prepare for essential business planning issues will do much to impair your way to success. Great authors over the years from John Maxwell, Zig Ziglar, and Lou Holz have written dynamic books and articles on how to lead with both your heart and your mind. Choosing who will lead your corporation at all levels is essential to goal congruence and obtaining your overall business mission, profits and goals. 

Electing Your Board of Directors 

Though Georgia law only requires one director, it might be prudent to seek additional outsiders to oversee and guide your business operations. Directors, though not required to be, are frequently outsiders who are willing to provide wise and insightful guidance. Directors are required to be of legal age but are not needed to be Georgia residents. 

Having the Right Officers 

The Officers of a company are those who can legally sign a contract the company. It is not unusual for many business’s to have the owner serve as the sole Officer, sole Director and Shareholder. As one could imagine, this dramatically streamlines the decision making process. Officers as well, are the duly authorize representatives to sign the corporate income/partnership return.

 Determining Who Will Own the Company

 In many minds the most important portion of business leadership for your business is who has the ultimate control. Though both good Directors and Officers are essential to goal obtainment, it is the shareholders/owners who have the ultimate control of who runs the business and thus ultimately their final determinations. Shareholders and owners, not only elect the Officers and Directors of a company, but they have ultimately the final work in all business decisions. Great care should be exercised when potentially adding a partner, as the right one versus the wrong one can well result in the difference between business harmony and profits to needless anxiety to losses. Your owners and shareholders as well should be of full legal age and are not required to be Georgia residents.

At His CPA, PC we strive to be much more than just tax preparers, put our partner to work for you today to see how much enlightened business leadership can mean to your business success.

To learn more about tax entities and the taxation thereof visit http://www.hiscpa.com/article2.html  There you will also discover a wide host of resources for Atlanta Entrepreneurs.

John Dillard is an Christian Speaker/Author and Certified Public Accountant in Duluth, GA. To See how he takes Christ along with him to work visit http://www.hiscpa.com/ and for his latest book Overcoming Life’s 9/11’s: Job’s Journey and a Voice of One: Nehemiah’s Prayer visit http://www.john-dillard.com/ or call John Dillard CPA today at 770.814.9304 (All Rights Reserved) Dare to Attempt Something so Great for the Kingdom of God that it is doomed to failure, lest Christ be in it!    

We advise clients on: IRS representation, Offer in Compromise, Tax Problems, Incorporation in Georgia, Corporate and Personal Income Tax Returns, Part-time CFO, Virtual Controller, Business Planning, Offer in Compromise, Back Taxes, Bookkeeping.

Serving Atlanta, Duluth, Gwinnett, Barrow, Bartow, Carroll, Cherokee, Clayton, Coweta,  Douglas, Fayette, Forsyth, Fulton, Gwinnett, Henry, Newton, Paulding, Pickens, Rockdale, Walton, Barrow, Bartow, Carroll, Henry, Newton, Bartow, Walton, Rockdale, Barrow, Spalding, Coweta, Dawson, Douglas, Fayette, Newton, Paulding, Spalding, Walton, Henry, Paulding, Douglas, Coweta, Canton, Covington, Douglasville, Druid Hills, East Point, Forest Park, Griffin, Lithonia, Mableton, McDonough, Milton, Mountain Park, Newnan, Powder Springs, Stockbridge, Union City, Villa Rica, Winder, Woodstock,  Smyrna, Sandy Springs, Marietta, East Point, Gainesville, Snellville, Buckhead, Buford, Peachtree City, Dunwoody, Kennesaw, Decatur, Conyers, Stone Mountain, North Fulton County, DeKalb County, Hall County, Clayton County, Cobb County, Forsyth County, Hart County, Jefferson County, Duluth, Atlanta, Alpharetta, Johns Creek, Lawrenceville, Milton, Norcross, Snellville, Roswell, Buford, Cumming, Grayson, Lake Hartwell, Suwanee, Sugar Hill, Loganville, Lilburn, Dunwoody, Gainesville, Decatur, Atlanta GA, Gwinnett County, North Fulton County, Cherokee County, DeKalb County, Hall County, Clayton County, Cobb County, Forsyth County, Hart County, Jefferson County, Duluth, Atlanta, Alpharetta, Johns Creek, Lawrenceville, Marietta, Milton, Norcross, Snellville, Roswell, Buford, Smyrna, Marietta, Cumming, Grayson, Hartwell, Suwanee, Sugar Hill, Loganville, Lilburn, East Point, Gainesville, Snellville, Buckhead, Buford, Peachtree City, Dunwoody, Kennesaw, Decatur, Conyers, Stone Mountain, Decatur. Sandy Springs, Peachtree City, Douglasville, Newnan, Griffin, Woodstock, Carrollton, Forest Park, Canton, College Park, Cartersville, McDonough, Riverdale, Fayetteville, Covington, Stockbridge, Conyers, Clarkston, Barrow, Bartow, Butts, Carroll, Cherokee, Clayton, Coweta, Dawson, and Douglas.

Gwinnett CPA Teaches Understanging How Incorporating Your Georgia Business Can Affect Your Taxes and Liabilities

There are many reasons a taxpayer may look to incorporate their business ranging from legitimacy, liability limitation and tax mitigation. Understanding these many nuances is your best first step in ensuring that you chose an entity type is best achieving success given your business model and operations. Entity selection is determinant on many issues ranging from citizenship, number of shareholders, ease of operation, tax obligations and year-end filings and even who your shareholders will be. Though many of these issues will conflict, working with a professional who is well versed in these issues will help you make the best election available for your new Georgia Business. 

Choosing an Entity Type

Your initial choice of entity is perhaps the most important tax, financial and legal decision you might ever reach. Being well versed in these areas is essential to a wise and prudent decision.  To learn more visit http://www.hiscpa.com/article2.html

Tax Effects of Entity Choice

Carefully considering the tax effects of your entity choice is essential to getting your business off on the right foot. Being careful to avoid, if at all possible, the double taxation of C Corporations and then selecting the right entity for your business from both a tax and legal perspective is critical. To discover how entity choice and affect you see http://www.hiscpa.com/article6.html

Getting Started

Understanding many of the basics of the start of the incorporation process will do much to ensure that you are well-versed and able to make wise and informed decisions. As these issues will affect your business operations and finances during the lifetime of your business they are essential to getting started well. 

Contact HIS CPA PC (A Christian CPA Firm) today.

To learn more about addressing IRS Tax Issues and Back Tax Returns visit http://www.hiscpa.com/working-with-the-irs.html 

John Dillard is an Christian Speaker/Author and Certified Public Accountant in Duluth, GA. To See how he takes Christ along with him to work visit http://www.hiscpa.com/ and for his latest book Overcoming Life’s 9/11’s: Job’s Journey and a Voice of One: Nehemiah’s Prayer visit http://www.john-dillard.com/ or call John Dillard CPA today at 770.814.9304 (All Rights Reserved) Dare to Attempt Something so Great for the Kingdom of God that it is doomed to failure, lest Christ be in it!    

We advise clients on: IRS representation, Offer in Compromise, Tax Problems, Incorporation in Georgia, Corporate and Personal Income Tax Returns, Part-time CFO, Virtual Controller, Business Planning, Offer in Compromise, Back Taxes, Bookkeeping.

Serving Atlanta, Duluth, Gwinnett, Barrow, Bartow, Carroll, Cherokee, Clayton, Coweta,  Douglas, Fayette, Forsyth, Fulton, Gwinnett, Henry, Newton, Paulding, Pickens, Rockdale, Walton, Barrow, Bartow, Carroll, Henry, Newton, Bartow, Walton, Rockdale, Barrow, Spalding, Coweta, Dawson, Douglas, Fayette, Newton, Paulding, Spalding, Walton, Henry, Paulding, Douglas, Coweta, Canton, Covington, Douglasville, Druid Hills, East Point, Forest Park, Griffin, Lithonia, Mableton, McDonough, Milton, Mountain Park, Newnan, Powder Springs, Stockbridge, Union City, Villa Rica, Winder, Woodstock,  Smyrna, Sandy Springs, Marietta, East Point, Gainesville, Snellville, Buckhead, Buford, Peachtree City, Dunwoody, Kennesaw, Decatur, Conyers, Stone Mountain, North Fulton County, DeKalb County, Hall County, Clayton County, Cobb County, Forsyth County, Hart County, Jefferson County, Duluth, Atlanta, Alpharetta, Johns Creek, Lawrenceville, Milton, Norcross, Snellville, Roswell, Buford, Cumming, Grayson, Lake Hartwell, Suwanee, Sugar Hill, Loganville, Lilburn, Dunwoody, Gainesville, Decatur, Atlanta GA, Gwinnett County, North Fulton County, Cherokee County, DeKalb County, Hall County, Clayton County, Cobb County, Forsyth County, Hart County, Jefferson County, Duluth, Atlanta, Alpharetta, Johns Creek, Lawrenceville, Marietta, Milton, Norcross, Snellville, Roswell, Buford, Smyrna, Marietta, Cumming, Grayson, Hartwell, Suwanee, Sugar Hill, Loganville, Lilburn, East Point, Gainesville, Snellville, Buckhead, Buford, Peachtree City, Dunwoody, Kennesaw, Decatur, Conyers, Stone Mountain, Decatur. Sandy Springs, Peachtree City, Douglasville, Newnan, Griffin, Woodstock, Carrollton, Forest Park, Canton, College Park, Cartersville, McDonough, Riverdale, Fayetteville, Covington, Stockbridge, Conyers, Clarkston, Barrow, Bartow, Butts, Carroll, Cherokee, Clayton, Coweta, Dawson, and Douglas.

Duluth CPA Illustrates Addressing S Corporation Status with the IRS for a Georgia S Corporation

Determining Your Entity Type Will Affect Both Your Tax Bill and the Way You Operate

Frequently we are asked to follow-up after either a taxpayer or a prior accountant has filed a return in error to fix a prior misstatement or filing. Below is a sample letter one might use if you had inadvertently filed as a C Corporation when the business was an S Corporation and should have filed as a flow-through entity or an IRS Form 1120S:

IRS
Atlanta, GA 39901 

Dear Sir or Madam 

I am writing to follow up on your IRS Letter dated 10-10-09 (copy enclosed). Please note I have enclosed a copy of the S Corporation return, as well as the S Corporation acceptance effective 1-1-09. Please note the company was not a C Corporation for the tax year noted in the enclosed tax notice and accordingly should and should not file a Form 1120 for 2009. Accordingly the tax monies assessed in the attached notice are incorrect as the company was an S Corporation for the 2009 tax year, as further reflected on the enclosed Form 1120S. If there had been a previously filed Form 1120 for 2009 for the company, please void it as it is invalid. Please fix your records accordingly to show that the client was an S Corporation for the tax year in question. 

Accordingly please refund any monies previously paid. 

I appreciate your attention to this matter and please do not hesitate to contact me should you have any questions. 

Very Sincerely Yours, John C. Dillard, CPA, President

When looking at what type of entity your business should be, we strive to balance the legal protection issues vs. the tax savings. Over the years, we have developed the mindset that there is no perfect election but there are ones that are better than others. To read more visit http://www.hiscpa.com/article2.html  

Contact HIS CPA PC (A Christian CPA Firm) today.

To learn more about addressing IRS Tax Issues and Back Tax Returns visit http://www.hiscpa.com/working-with-the-irs.html  

John Dillard is an Christian Speaker/Author and Certified Public Accountant in Duluth, GA. To See how he takes Christ along with him to work visit http://www.hiscpa.com/ and for his latest book Overcoming Life’s 9/11’s: Job’s Journey and a Voice of One: Nehemiah’s Prayer visit http://www.john-dillard.com/ or call John Dillard CPA today at 770.814.9304 (All Rights Reserved) Dare to Attempt Something so Great for the Kingdom of God that it is doomed to failure, lest Christ be in it!    

We advise clients on: IRS representation, Offer in Compromise, Tax Problems, Incorporation in Georgia, Corporate and Personal Income Tax Returns, Part-time CFO, Virtual Controller, Business Planning, Offer in Compromise, Back Taxes, Bookkeeping.

Serving Atlanta, Duluth, Gwinnett, Barrow, Bartow, Carroll, Cherokee, Clayton, Coweta,  Douglas, Fayette, Forsyth, Fulton, Gwinnett, Henry, Newton, Paulding, Pickens, Rockdale, Walton, Barrow, Bartow, Carroll, Henry, Newton, Bartow, Walton, Rockdale, Barrow, Spalding, Coweta, Dawson, Douglas, Fayette, Newton, Paulding, Spalding, Walton, Henry, Paulding, Douglas, Coweta, Canton, Covington, Douglasville, Druid Hills, East Point, Forest Park, Griffin, Lithonia, Mableton, McDonough, Milton, Mountain Park, Newnan, Powder Springs, Stockbridge, Union City, Villa Rica, Winder, Woodstock,  Smyrna, Sandy Springs, Marietta, East Point, Gainesville, Snellville, Buckhead, Buford, Peachtree City, Dunwoody, Kennesaw, Decatur, Conyers, Stone Mountain, North Fulton County, DeKalb County, Hall County, Clayton County, Cobb County, Forsyth County, Hart County, Jefferson County, Duluth, Atlanta, Alpharetta, Johns Creek, Lawrenceville, Milton, Norcross, Snellville, Roswell, Buford, Cumming, Grayson, Lake Hartwell, Suwanee, Sugar Hill, Loganville, Lilburn, Dunwoody, Gainesville, Decatur, Atlanta GA, Gwinnett County, North Fulton County, Cherokee County, DeKalb County, Hall County, Clayton County, Cobb County, Forsyth County, Hart County, Jefferson County, Duluth, Atlanta, Alpharetta, Johns Creek, Lawrenceville, Marietta, Milton, Norcross, Snellville, Roswell, Buford, Smyrna, Marietta, Cumming, Grayson, Hartwell, Suwanee, Sugar Hill, Loganville, Lilburn, East Point, Gainesville, Snellville, Buckhead, Buford, Peachtree City, Dunwoody, Kennesaw, Decatur, Conyers, Stone Mountain, Decatur. Sandy Springs, Peachtree City, Douglasville, Newnan, Griffin, Woodstock, Carrollton, Forest Park, Canton, College Park, Cartersville, McDonough, Riverdale, Fayetteville, Covington, Stockbridge, Conyers, Clarkston, Barrow, Bartow, Butts, Carroll, Cherokee, Clayton, Coweta, Dawson, and Douglas.

Duluth GA CPA on the Successful Business Owner: Addressing Entity Selection

Evaluating what type of entity your business should be, I strive to balance the legal protection issues vs. the tax savings. I have developed the mindset that there is no perfect election but there are ones that are better than others. The below assumptions are based upon the fact that my clients tell me that they want to pay as few tax dollars as legally possible. There are some very specific rules, as well as some generalities. As such, I suggest that you sit down with a tax professional to see how these guidelines relate to you. Having Served as a CPA in Duluth, GA for over ten years, entity selection is perhaps the biggest mistake business owners and entrepreneurs make when getting started. 

                                                RULES OF BEING AN S CORPORATION 

There can be no more than one hundred shareholders and they all need to be U.S. citizens or resident aliens. You almost always have to have a calendar year as your fiscal year. The S Corporation rules have been around since before 1960 and were set up to simplify the rules and regulations of being a business owner. When the corporate return/Form 1120S is filed you do not pay any income taxes as the profits of the business are reported on your personal tax return.  As long as you pay yourself a reasonable salary, you may also take shareholder distributions out of the business that are devoid of FICA/Medicaid taxes. S Corporations like a C Corporation affords the business owner personal liability protection from business risks. Keys to maximizing that protection is to treat the corporation like one by doing all your business in the corporate name, signing all of your documents listing your corporate title,  not co-mingling any personal issues/bills in the corporation, and by having your annual Board of Directors and Annual Shareholder Minutes Meeting.

 Other advantages of being an S Corporation include the ability that if you have corporate losses, and you fund (you put the money in the business) those losses personally, then you can deduct those losses on your personal return.  Losses that are funded by the bank (a direct loan from the bank to the corporation) or by trade creditors are not deductible. Often you can set up a loan so that the bank lends to you personally and then you could do a personal loan to the company which will result in you having contributed basis/the dollars to the business, thus making any losses that you fund deductible. 

                                                      BEING AN C CORPORATION 

C Corporations are ideal for those to whom do not qualify to be an S Corporation such as a public held company that has thousands of shareholders, lots of classes to stocks, and sells its stock to anyone (corporations, individuals, retirement plans, etc).  A C Corporation pays taxes on all its profits first at the corporate level and then when the dollars are paid out to the owners in subsequent years, the owners pay tax again at the individual level. C Corporations, therefore, are exposed to a “double taxation” that none of the other entity types are exposed to. If you think taxes are bad enough paying them once, try paying them twice.

C Corporations can make a timely tax election to become an S Corporation and start taking advantage of tax advantages of being an S Corporation. Care should be taken to ensure that all shareholders understand and agree to become an S Corporation and that there are no or relatively insignificant net operating losses that might still be utilizable if you were to stay a C Corporation. Then after these are utilized/considered, I would affect the change.

 LLC’s, LLP’s & PARTNERSHIPS

All of these entity types would be poor selections for a print shop as they will all result in higher taxes with no additional advantages for the printer. I have personally developed a mindset that if you do not need to be another entity type then you need to be an S Corporation. For example, generally speaking a printer that was an LLC, LLP, or Partnership will pay higher taxes with no additional advantages as opposed to being an S Corporation. 

Below are some of the reasons you might want to be an LLC or LLP are:

-If you were a lawyer or physicians practice then all of the partners personal assets are at risk if one partner does something wrong, while if an LLC or an LLP, only the offending partners personal assets would be at risk. This is because of the professional service statues for these type of professionals, but these rules do not relate to our printer.

-If you were an real estate developer and you had a piece of land that had dramatically increased in value, you can transfer that property to an LLC, LLP, or Partnership without having to pay any capital gains tax. Also with these entity types, you can take shareholder distributions that are not based upon ownership, whereas in an S or a C Corporation they have to be. Again, this does not relate to our printer client.

-These entities can be used also for estate planning purposes as well. 

If you have set up as one of these entity types, it might be advantageous to consider a tax-free merger into an S Corporation which will allow you to retain all the legal contracts, etc. of your present entity while switching to the tax advantages of being an S Corporation.

 I would welcome meeting with you to discuss these and your personal tax situation in detail at your convenience.

 To help find other helpful articles to help you manage your business operationally, strategically and financially visit our articles at http://www.hiscpa.com/articles.html

Award Winning CPA John Dillard is an Christian Speaker/Author and Certified Public Accountant in Duluth, GA. To See how he takes Christ along with him to work visit http://www.hiscpa.com/ and for his latest book Overcoming Life’s 9/11’s: Job’s Journey and a Voice of One: Nehemiah’s Prayer visit http://www.john-dillard.com/ or call John Dillard CPA today at 770.814.9304 (All Rights Reserved) Dare to Attempt Something so Great for the Kingdom of God that it is doomed to failure, lest Christ be in it!    

We advise clients on: IRS representation, Offer in Compromise, Tax Problems, Incorporation in Georgia, Corporate and Personal Income Tax Returns, Part-time CFO, Virtual Controller, Business Planning, Offer in Compromise, Back Taxes, Bookkeeping.

Serving Atlanta, Duluth, Gwinnett, Barrow, Bartow, Carroll, Cherokee, Clayton, Coweta,  Douglas, Fayette, Forsyth, Fulton, Gwinnett, Henry, Newton, Paulding, Pickens, Rockdale, Walton, Barrow, Bartow, Carroll, Henry, Newton, Bartow, Walton, Rockdale, Barrow, Spalding, Coweta, Dawson, Douglas, Fayette, Newton, Paulding, Spalding, Walton, Henry, Paulding, Douglas, Coweta, Canton, Covington, Douglasville, Druid Hills, East Point, Forest Park, Griffin, Lithonia, Mableton, McDonough, Milton, Mountain Park, Newnan, Powder Springs, Stockbridge, Union City, Villa Rica, Winder, Woodstock,  Smyrna, Sandy Springs, Marietta, East Point, Gainesville, Snellville, Buckhead, Buford, Peachtree City, Dunwoody, Kennesaw, Decatur, Conyers, Stone Mountain, North Fulton County, DeKalb County, Hall County, Clayton County, Cobb County, Forsyth County, Hart County, Jefferson County, Duluth, Atlanta, Alpharetta, Johns Creek, Lawrenceville, Milton, Norcross, Snellville, Roswell, Buford, Cumming, Grayson, Lake Hartwell, Suwanee, Sugar Hill, Loganville, Lilburn, Dunwoody, Gainesville, Decatur, Atlanta GA, Gwinnett County, North Fulton County, Cherokee County, DeKalb County, Hall County, Clayton County, Cobb County, Forsyth County, Hart County, Jefferson County, Duluth, Atlanta, Alpharetta, Johns Creek, Lawrenceville, Marietta, Milton, Norcross, Snellville, Roswell, Buford, Smyrna, Marietta, Cumming, Grayson, Hartwell, Suwanee, Sugar Hill, Loganville, Lilburn, East Point, Gainesville, Snellville, Buckhead, Buford, Peachtree City, Dunwoody, Kennesaw, Decatur, Conyers, Stone Mountain, Decatur. Sandy Springs, Peachtree City, Douglasville, Newnan, Griffin, Woodstock, Carrollton, Forest Park, Canton, College Park, Cartersville, McDonough, Riverdale, Fayetteville, Covington, Stockbridge, Conyers, Clarkston, Barrow, Bartow, Butts, Carroll, Cherokee, Clayton, Coweta, Dawson, and Douglas.

Atlanta Christian Author/Speaker/CPA Gives Tips to Business/Ministry Financial Success

These time tested techniques will do much to enlighten you to discover “hidden information” and relevant data as you prepare your 2008 Year-End Income Tax Returns. Whether you are a Georgia C Corporation, Georgia S Corporation, in Ministry, an LLC or LLP, Partnership or proprietorship looking beyond the numbers is the best way to discover critical and insightful news to help make wise and informed financial and business decisions. Whether you have a CPA prepare the return for your business or you chose to “go it alone” seeking out and utilizing this data will make you a wiser and more dutifully informed owner and entrepreneur. Evaluating and staying abreast of these key ratios, components and insights well help you steer clear of financial disaster:

Limit Debt Payments

We are continually exhorted to limit our debt payments but our society and now even our government has gotten on the band wagon of debt is good. In fact even the recent $15,000 “tax credit” announced by the IRS is not really a credit at all but a loan, as these monies will have to be ultimately repaid. By limiting your debt payments, you allow yourself to both have discretionary spending, to take advantage of opportunities, and to fulfill your mission statements and dreams. For the only way to have money, is not to spend it. A good general rule of thumb goes back to the old days of mortgage lending when debt could not exceed 25% of aggregate income and cash flow. In a bad economy a better goal would be 15% and when it is anticipated that interest rates are going to rise, then  limiting your total debt payment to less than 10% would be prudent and advantageous. If we do not limit our debt then we will certainly become its slave.

Luke 16:5 “So he called in each one of his master’s debtors. He asked the first, ‘How much do you owe my master?’”

Avoid Credit

If there is a key item on this list, it would be to avoid credit in its entirety. Often the biggest fixed expense of any business, institution or ministry is its debt payments. After these payments are set into motion then they are often a permanent “financial resident” or fixture that will not easily go away. Car payments often now span for years frequently well beyond a vehicles useful life with overall debt frequently exceeding their value leaving owners “upside down,” often owing more than the car is actually worth. The financing of land and buildings is even much more problematic, especially in a declining market, as financing for these items will often have terms of thirty years or longer. For those who are able to foretell the future this is fine, but for the other seven billion of us, this remains a untenable and unpredictable time horizon.

Habakkuk 2:7 “Will not your debtors suddenly arise? Will they not wake up and make you tremble? Then you will become their victim.”

Rainy Day Fund

There will always be unexpected contingencies that arise and it is up to us to be prepared for it. Failing to do so will certainly derail our efforts and preclude us from achieving our original mission. Certainly there can be no doubt by events in today’s economy of the adverse consequences of “living on the financial edge” as plans, business’s and ministries are uprooted. In fact, a rainy day fund in today’s economy should be even more substantive than in a more “normal economy.” A general rule of thumb for individuals would be to save at least six months of cash flow available at all times and nine months in a down economy. For business owners and ministry I suggest that having a six weeks of supply of cash in a good economy might be adequate but to have double this amount in more uncertain economic times. The ultimate goal of cash management should be to ensure that adequate funds are always available if the need should arise and to be able to continue on the missions path without a break or hiccup in our original plans.

Isaiah 14:24 “The LORD Almighty has sworn, “Surely, as I have planned, so it will be, and as I have purposed, so it will stand.”

Long Range Mission

Knowing who you are and where you are going is the best way to get there. Without a final destination in mind and a plan to get there, you will not arrive. For it is “better to aim at something and miss than to shoot at nothing and hit it.”

Knowing your long range mission will determine all of your short term decisions as each and every part of your day and every decision ultimately will bring your either closer to or further away from your goal. To this end, often a corporate mission statement, will provide a good bench mark on which to gage decision making and operational decisions.

Job 8:13 “Such is the destiny of all who forget God; so perishes the hope of the godless.”

Having the will and the stamina is a good start to overcoming financial woes. However, there is no substitute that will prevail like good planning, prudence, avoiding debt and contingency planning. Keeping these precepts in mind and working with wise mentors, CPA’s and financial planners are a good defense against loose spending. Also getting into the habit of seeking advice and counsel before larger financial decisions are made and contracted to will add a extra layer of defense to ensure sound financial decision making.

John Dillard is an author and Certified Public Accountant (All Rights Reserved). To See how he takes Christ along with him to work visit http://www.hiscpa.com/ (a Christian Atlanta  CPA firm) and for his latest book Overcoming Life’s 9/11’s: Job’s Journey visit http://www.john-dillard.com/ To contact Christian Speaker/Author John Dillard CPA today call 770. 814.9304.

“Dare to Attempt Something so Great for the Kingdom of God that it is doomed to failure, lest Christ be in it!”

What, then, shall we say in response to this? If God is for us, who can be against us? Romans 8:31

Why are these verses here? Learn how HIS CPA became a Christian Accounting firm visit http://www.hiscpa.com/christian-CPA.html

We advise clients on: IRS representation, Offer in Compromise, Tax Problems, Incorporation in Georgia, Corporate and Personal Income Tax Returns, Part-time CFO, Virtual Controller, Business Planning, Offer in Compromise, Back Taxes, Bookkeeping.

Incorporating in Georgia: Understanding Differences Between  an S Corporation vs. a C Corporation by Atlanta Christian CPA, Speaker and Author

-Choosing an Entity Type Which is Best for your New Business Venture.

Understanding the nuances of being a C Corporation versus being a Georgia S Corporation is a key component of making wise and informed decisions about which entity type is best for your business. Whether you are incorporating in Georgia or elsewhere, working with someone who is well informed about local and state laws is your best defense to getting started off on the right foot. While there are many differences between entity types including set-up and rules of operation, there are perhaps no greater concern than what your overall tax bill will ultimately be. And this will vary predominantly based upon the entity type that you chose.

S Corporations are “flow through entities” and as such pay no income taxes upon preparation of the corporate income tax return. Rather these profits “flow down to” the respective owners returns where each owner pays their portion of income taxes due on their respective pro rata profits and other “tax preference” items. Each owner, as a part of the Corporate Return/Form 1120S, are issued a Form K-1 whereby each owners pro rata share of income is reflected and communicated for inclusion with each respective owners personal income tax return.

The Rules of Qualification to be an S Corporation are:

-One class of stock.

-A calendar year-end.

-Shareholders to be resident aliens or U.S. citizens.

-No more than 100 shareholders.

For the most part the basic rules of being an S Corporation have remain unchanged for approximately fifty years.

By law both C Corporations and S Corporations are required to have a Board of Directors, and their attendant meetings and to elect elected Officers. In many small business’s these different capacities are held by the same individual, the owner.

An S Corporations overall tax bill will most always over time be less than an C Corporation because by tax law all of the net earnings out of an C Corporation are subject to being taxed first at the corporate level and then later again at the personal level, when profits are paid out to Corporation’s owners as either salary or dividends. Though a C Corporation typically might pay less taxes the first year, as a result of lower corporate income tax versus personal income tax rates, this advantage quickly disappears as owners take out the profits in subsequent years resulting in the “double taxation” effect of C Corporations. Accordingly a C Corporation is exposed to double taxation that S Corporations and other “flow through” entities are not.

C Corporations are often options when:

-Different classes of stock are needed.

-There are more than 100 shareholders.

-Shareholders are not U.S. citizens or resident aliens.

-A publicly traded company.

There are other entity types such as an LLC, LLP, Partnership or even a proprietorship that should be carefully evaluated in starting your new business and its attendant tax structure. Choosing the right entity type will have many other significant tax, legal, retirement and financial issues as well. Consulting with your trusted CPA and adviser is your best first step to making a wise and informed decision.

To learn about incorporating in Georgia visit http://www.hiscpa.com/article6.html

John Dillard is an author and Certified Public Accountant (All Rights Reserved). To See how he takes Christ along with him to work visit http://www.hiscpa.com/ (a Christian CPA firm) and for his latest book Overcoming Life’s 9/11’s: Job’s Journey visit http://www.john-dillard.com/ 

“Dare to Attempt Something so Great for the Kingdom of God that it is doomed to failure, lest Christ be in it!”

What, then, shall we say in response to this? If God is for us, who can be against us? Romans 8:31

Why are these verses here? Learn how HIS CPA became a Christian Accounting firm visit http://www.hiscpa.com/christian-CPA.html

We advise clients on: IRS representation, Offer in Compromise, Tax Problems, Incorporation in Georgia, Corporate and Personal Income Tax Returns, Part-time CFO, Virtual Controller, Business Planning, Payroll Administration, Bookkeeping.

Serving Barrow, Bartow, Carroll, Cherokee, Clayton, Coweta,  Douglas, Fayette, Forsyth, Fulton, Gwinnett, Henry, Newton, Paulding, Pickens, Rockdale, Walton, Barrow, Bartow, Carroll, Henry, Newton, Bartow, Walton, Rockdale, Barrow, Spalding, Coweta, Dawson, Douglas, Fayette, Newton, Paulding, Spalding, Walton, Henry, Paulding, Douglas, Coweta, Canton, Covington, Douglasville, Druid Hills, East Point, Forest Park, Griffin, Lithonia, Mableton, McDonough, Milton, Mountain Park, Newnan, Powder Springs, Stockbridge, Union City, Villa Rica, Winder, Woodstock,  Smyrna, Sandy Springs, Marietta, East Point, Gainesville, Snellville, Buckhead, Buford, Peachtree City, Dunwoody, Kennesaw, Decatur, Conyers, Stone Mountain, Gwinnett County, North Fulton County, DeKalb County, Hall County, Clayton County, Cobb County, Forsyth County, Hart County, Jefferson County, Duluth, Alpharetta, Johns Creek, Lawrenceville, Milton, Norcross, Snellville, Roswell, Buford, Cumming, Grayson, Lake Hartwell, Suwanee, Sugar Hill, Loganville, Lilburn, Dunwoody, Gainesville, Decatur, and Beyond.

Incorporating in Georgia: S Corporation vs. Georgia Limited Liability Company/LLC

by Atlanta Christian CPA, Speaker and Author

If you have just made the hardest decision of opting to go into business for yourself or if you have owned your own business for years, having a working knowledge of how your overall tax bill is determined can cost or save you thousands. Making the right decision for your business will be critical to both your short terms success as well as eventually how comfortable your retirement might be. To this end, setting up the right entity from day one is your best bet to ensure you pay no more taxes than are legally necessary. The job of your most trusted adviser, your CPA, is to assist and guide in this process being sure to ask questions and contemplate issues you might not have even known to be a concern. As a Georgia business owner or running your business in the Atlanta area, the options will appear to be daunting but these parameters will do much to “lift the veil’ on whether you want your business to be an S Corporation or an LLC.

Limited Liability Company. Limited Liability Companies/LLC’s became legal in Georgia when passed by the state legislature and signed into law by Georgia’s Governor approximately fifteen years ago. LLC’s allow for some flexibility options that are not allowed in some other entity selections as well as some liability limitations that are not otherwise available for professional service companies, those where professionals, such as physicians, are required to have a professional license in order to practice.

Advantages of being an LLC include:

-Ease of formation. LLC’s do not require a Board of Directors or an election of Officers.

-Anyone or entity can have ownership in an LLC. This allows other corporations or those who are not citizens of the United States to be owners.

-Unlimited number of owners. Unlike S Corporations who are limited to 100 shareholders.

-No Annual Board of Directors or Shareholders Minutes Meetings.

-Allocation of Profits. In an LLC owners can allocate profits in any percentage to which they agree whereas an S Corporation has to allocate profits based upon ownership percentages.

-Professional Liability Limitation. A physician group, for example, would want to strongly consider an LLC vs. an S Corporation because in an LLC individual physicians would be protected from the professional liability issues of  other doctors in the practice. However, a physician is generally not allowed to escape his own professional malfeasance. Please note that this liability limitation issue is for Professional Liability issues only and that all other general tort or civil liability issues of an LLC vs. an S Corporation are the same.

S Corporations. Congress passed in the mid 1950’s rules allowing small business owners to simplify their tax issues by the establishment of S Corporations. S Corporations, like LLC’s are “flow through entities” and as such pay no income taxes upon the preparation of their respective returns, as these profits “flow to” the owners returns where each respective owners pays their portions of income taxes on their respective pro rata profits.

Rules of being an S Corporation include:

-Having less than 100 shareholders.

-All shareholders have to be U.S. citizens or resident aliens.

-Have a calendar year-end.

-Have one class of stock.

Avoid the hype. Keeping these basis tenants in mind will do much to steer you to making a wise and informed decisions when setting up your corporation. Although you are required to have Board of Directors and to elect an Officer I find that many sole-business owners are very well suited to naming themselves to both of these positions. Also, when I have my own Annual Board of Directors Meetings I find that I do not “argue with myself” so my meetings are rather quick and efficient. Also unless you have a professional license such as a physician, engineer or lawyer there are no Professional Liability concerns.

Generally speaking S Corporations overall tax bill will be less than an LLC because by tax law all of the net earnings our of an LLC are subject to FICA/Medicaid/Payroll Taxes whereas only the W-2 or gross wages from an S Corporation are accordingly subject. Please not that tax law does require that all active S Corporation owners take a fair and reasonable salary given position or profit.

Choosing the right entity type will have many other significant tax, retirement and financial issues as well. Consulting with your trusted CPA and adviser is your best first step to making a wise and informed decision.

To learn about incorporating in Georgia visit http://www.hiscpa.com/article6.html

John Dillard is an author and Certified Public Accountant (All Rights Reserved). To See how he takes Christ along with him to work visit http://www.hiscpa.com/ (a Christian CPA firm) and for his latest book Overcoming Life’s 9/11’s: Job’s Journey visit http://www.john-dillard.com/ 

“Dare to Attempt Something so Great for the Kingdom of God that it is doomed to failure, lest Christ be in it!”

What, then, shall we say in response to this? If God is for us, who can be against us? Romans 8:31

Why are these verses here? Learn how HIS CPA became a Christian Accounting firm visit http://www.hiscpa.com/christian-CPA.html

We advise clients on: IRS representation, Offer in Compromise, Tax Problems, Incorporation in Georgia, Corporate and Personal Income Tax Returns, Part-time CFO, Virtual Controller, Business Planning, Payroll Administration, Bookkeeping.

Serving Barrow, Bartow, Carroll, Cherokee, Clayton, Coweta,  Douglas, Fayette, Forsyth, Fulton, Gwinnett, Henry, Newton, Paulding, Pickens, Rockdale, Walton, Barrow, Bartow, Carroll, Henry, Newton, Bartow, Walton, Rockdale, Barrow, Spalding, Coweta, Dawson, Douglas, Fayette, Newton, Paulding, Spalding, Walton, Henry, Paulding, Douglas, Coweta, Canton, Covington, Douglasville, Druid Hills, East Point, Forest Park, Griffin, Lithonia, Mableton, McDonough, Milton, Mountain Park, Newnan, Powder Springs, Stockbridge, Union City, Villa Rica, Winder, Woodstock,  Smyrna, Sandy Springs, Marietta, East Point, Gainesville, Snellville, Buckhead, Buford, Peachtree City, Dunwoody, Kennesaw, Decatur, Conyers, Stone Mountain, Gwinnett County, North Fulton County, DeKalb County, Hall County, Clayton County, Cobb County, Forsyth County, Hart County, Jefferson County, Duluth, Alpharetta, Johns Creek, Lawrenceville, Milton, Norcross, Snellville, Roswell, Buford, Cumming, Grayson, Lake Hartwell, Suwanee, Sugar Hill, Loganville, Lilburn, Dunwoody, Gainesville, Decatur, and Beyond.